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Within the last decade rapid advancements in the development and
miniaturization of electronic devices have created a demand for
lightweight, compact, high performance power sources which can be
used under a wide range of conditions. Lithium batteries, which
deliver high energy output due to the use of elemental lithium,
have become the focus of considerable attention as an optimum power
source to satisfy this demand.
The term “lithium batteries”
describes the family of battery systems which use lithium as the
anode, but differ in cathode material, electrolyte, cell design,
and other mechanical features. Each lithium system has its own intrinsic
characteristics, setting it apart from other lithium systems in
terms of electrical characteristics, rate capability, energy density,
operating temperature, reliability, shelf life, and safety.
Lithium primary batteries
are classified into three groups, depending upon the type of cathode
and electrolyte that is used. Examples of common lithium battery
systems are shown in the following table.
| LITHIUM BATTERY SYSTEMS |
| SOLID ELECTROLYTE SYSTEMS |
LIQUID
ELECTROLYTE SYSTEMS |
| Solid
Cathode |
Solid
Cathode |
Liquid
Cathode |
| Iodine
(I2) |
Manganese
Dioxide (MnO2)
Poly-Carbonmonoflouride (CF)n
Silver Chromate (Ag2CrO4)
Iron Disulfide (FeS2)
Copper Oxide (CuO) |
Sulfur
Dioxide (SO2)
Thionyl Chloride (SOCI2)
Sulfur Chloride SO2CI2) |
Duracell selected the Lithium Manganese Dioxide (Li/MnO2)
system as it offers the best balance of performance and safety for
consumer replaceable battery applications. DURACELL Li/MnO2
batteries possess:
- high energy density
- excellent shelf life
- long-term reliability
- high rate capability (high
power construction) over a broad temperature range
Light in weight and compact, DURACELL Li/MnO2
batteries are ideally suited when portability is a prime requisite
in equipment design.
DURACELL Li/MnO2
batteries are being used in a wide range of applications, from powering
all functions of fully-automatic 35mm flash cameras to providing
long-term standby power for computer clock/calendars. DURACELL Li/MnO2
batteries are revolutionizing equipment design by allowing reductions
in size and weight, while increasing production performance and
capabilities to levels previously unattainable.
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