ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS
DURACELL lithium batteries represent the latest advance in primary battery technology, having many advantages over conventional battery systems. Their high energy density, high rate pulse capability, long shelf life and ability to operate at temperature extremes make them ideal for meeting the demanding requirements of new portable electronic equipment.
Lithium Manganese Dioxide (Li/MnO2) batteries are ideal for electronic equipment requiring high rate pulses (e.g., photoflash), as well as other sophisticated devices requiring continuous operation or memory backup. DURACELL lithium cells are recognized under the Underwriters Laboratories Component Recognition Program.
CHEMISTRY
Lithium cells use lithium metal for the anode and a conductive organic electrolyte. The Li/MnO2 cell uses a specially prepared manganese dioxide for the cathode.
CONSTRUCTION
DURACELL Li/MnO2 cells are available in two configurations: cylindrical cells using spiral-wound electrodes for high current pulse or continuous drain applications, and coin-shaped cells for memory backup and small electronic device applications. Cutaway views of a spiral-wound cell and a coin cell are shown above.
RATED CAPACITY
The Li/MnO2 coin cells range in capacity from 76 mAh to 500 mAh; the spiral-wound cylindrical cells are available in 160 mAh and 1.4 Ah sizes.
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Voltage
The open circuit voltage of the Li/MnO2 cell is typically 3.2V, compared to 1 .5V for most zinc cells. Typical median operating voltage ranges from 3.0 to 2.5V.
Discharge Characteristics
Flat (stable voltage) discharge curves.
Energy Density
Depending on cell configuration, up to 105 Wh/lb. (230 Wh/kg); 9.0 Wh/in.3 (550 Wh/l).
Effect of Discharge Load and Temperature
Capable of performance at low to high discharge rates on pulse or continuous
loads; excellent low temperature capability. The typical operating temperature
range for Li/MnO2 cells is -4°F to 140°F (-20°C to 60°C),
with performance at wider temperature ranges possible.
Shelf Life
Capacity retention is over 95% after 5 years of room temperature storage.
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